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Plover Practice Exercises

26 Phonetic Prefixes and Suffixes

The prefixes and suffixes covered in the previous section have been “phonetic.” This section covers more common prefixes and suffixes. However, while some prefixes have phonetic outlines, others have different patterns such as being distinguished by the * or using a non-phonetic stroke just like how homonyms are stroked differently. More examples of the latter will be covered later.

Words in English may have one or more suffixes. Plover has one-stroke outlines for the most common combined suffixes.

26.1 Learning Objectives:

  • Learn how to write common phonetic prefixes (be-, ab-, pre-, pro-, im-, -in)
  • Learn how to write common phonetic suffixes (-est, -ize, -ster, -age, -able, -ible)
  • Learn how to write common combined suffixes (-fully, -bly, -ability, -ibility)

26.2 Prefixes

26.2.1 be-

The prefix be- is written with PWE. (Note that the word be is written with -B). This applies to words like beside, beware and bemoan.

PWE SAOEUD

beside beside beside beside

PWE WAEUR

beware beware beware beware

PWE PHOEPB

bemoan bemoan bemoan bemoan

26.2.2 ab-

The prefix ab- is written with AB for words such as absorb, and abstain.

AB SORB

absorb absorb absorb absorb

AB STAEUPB

abstain abstain abstain abstain

26.2.3 pre-

The prefix pre- is written with PRE or PRAOE for words such as prefix and preview.

PRE TPEUBGS

prefix prefix prefix prefix

PRE SRAOU

preview preview preview preview

26.2.4 pro-

The prefix pro- is written with PRO for words such as proscribe and provoke.

PRO SKRAOEUB

proscribe proscribe proscribe proscribe

PRO SROEBG

provoke provoke provoke provoke

26.2.5 im-

The prefix im- is written with EUPL or *EUPL (much rarer) for words such as imitate and imply.

EUPL TAEUT

imitate imitate imitate imitate

EUPL PHREU

imply imply imply imply

26.2.6 in-

The prefix in-is written with EUPB for words such as install and instill.

EUPB STAUL

install install install install

EUPB STEUL

instill instill instill instill

26.3 Suffixes

26.3.1 -est

The suffix -est is written with EFT for words such as biggest and eldest.

PWEUG EFT

biggest biggest biggest biggest

ELD EST

eldest eldest eldest eldest

26.3.2 -ize

The suffix -ize is written with AOEUZ for words such as immunize and stylize.

EUPL TPHAOEUZ

immunize immunize immunize immunize

STAOEUL AOEUZ

stylize stylize stylize stylize

26.3.3 -ster

The suffix -ster is written with STER for words such as jokester and dumpster.

SKWROEBG STER

jokester jokester jokester jokester

TK*UPL STER

dumpster dumpster dumpster dumpster

26.3.4 -age

The suffix -age is written with APBLG for words such as adage and storage.

AD APBLG

adage adage adage adage

STOR APBLG

storage storage storage storage

26.3.5 -able

The suffix -able is written with -BL for words such as pleadable.

PHRAOED -BL

pleadable pleadable pleadable pleadable

26.3.6 -ible

The suffix -ible is written with EUBL for words such as plausible.

PHRAUS EUBL

plausible plausible plausible plausible

26.4 Combined Suffixes

Some combinations of suffixes are so common Plover gives them their own outlines. Suffixes ending in ly and ty are very common.

26.4.1 -fully

-fully combines -ful and -ly, and is written as TPHREU (F-L-Y). Examples are peacefully and faithfully.

PAES TPHREU

peacefully peacefully peacefully peacefully

TPA*EUT TPHREU

faithfully faithfully faithfully faithfully

26.4.2 -bly

-bly can be a result of -able with -ly, and is written using the stroke PWHREU (B-L-Y). Examples are plausibly and presumably. This also applies to -ible + -ly for words like legibly and sensibly.

PHRAUS PWHREU

plausibly plausibly plausibly plausibly

PRE SAOUPL PWHREU

presumably presumably presumably presumably

HREPBLG PWHREU

legibly legibly legibly legibly

SEPBS PWHREU

sensibly sensibly sensibly sensibly

26.4.3 -ability

-ability is a combination of -able and -ty. This can be written with -BLT, as -T can represent ty in words when it does not conflict with other words using the -T for t.

Examples are shipability and acceptability.

SHEUP -BLT

shipability shipability shipability shipability

SEP -BLT

acceptability acceptability acceptability acceptability

26.4.4 -ibility

-ibility is a combination of -ible and -ty. This can be written with EUBLT. Examples are visibility and sensibility.

SREUS EUBLT

visibility visibility visibility visibility

SEPBS EUBLT

sensibility sensibility sensibility sensibility

26.5 Exercises

Controls
  1. Beside, near or close to. Beside, near or close to. Beside, near or close to.
  2. Smallest, most tiny. Smallest, most tiny. Smallest, most tiny.
  3. I stood beside John. I stood beside John. I stood beside John.
  4. The naughty little girl did not do what her mother asked her to do. The naughty little girl did not do what her mother asked her to do. The naughty little girl did not do what her mother asked her to do.
  5. Midnight, twelve o'clock at night. Midnight, twelve o'clock at night. Midnight, twelve o'clock at night.
  6. The rooster called to the hens. The rooster called to the hens. The rooster called to the hens.
  7. Largest, biggest. Largest, biggest. Largest, biggest.
  8. Honest, fair and truthful. Honest, fair and truthful. Honest, fair and truthful.
  9. Highest, most high. Highest, most high. Highest, most high.
  10. Beautiful, very pretty. Beautiful, very pretty. Beautiful, very pretty.
  11. Enjoyed, had a good time. Enjoyed, had a good time. Enjoyed, had a good time.
  12. Frost, frozen dew. Enough cold to freeze dew. Frost, frozen dew. Enough cold to freeze dew. Frost, frozen dew. Enough cold to freeze dew.
  13. He must have hit his head. He must have hit his head. He must have hit his head.
  14. Did you see him today? Did you see him today? Did you see him today?
  15. When will you be ready to go home? When will you be ready to go home? When will you be ready to go home?
  16. She has been crying all day. She has been crying all day. She has been crying all day.
  17. Awful, fearful; terrible. Awful, fearful; terrible. Awful, fearful; terrible.
  18. That wire is the finest I have. That wire is the finest I have. That wire is the finest I have.
  19. Will you extend the time we have to make our book report? Will you extend the time we have to make our book report? Will you extend the time we have to make our book report?
  20. Extend, stretch out. Extend, stretch out. Extend, stretch out.
  21. Calm, not excited; steady. Quiet; not stormy. Calm, not excited; steady. Quiet; not stormy. Calm, not excited; steady. Quiet; not stormy.
  22. Beauty, lovely to look at; the state of being beautiful. Beauty, lovely to look at; the state of being beautiful. Beauty, lovely to look at; the state of being beautiful.
  23. My aim is to win the prize. My aim is to win the prize. My aim is to win the prize.
  24. Absent, away; not present. Absent, away; not present. Absent, away; not present.
  25. All lived together in peace. All lived together in peace. All lived together in peace.
  26. Quiet, not noisy; still. Quiet, not noisy; still. Quiet, not noisy; still.
  27. The chilling winds will blow. The chilling winds will blow. The chilling winds will blow.
  28. A light shone in the darkness. A light shone in the darkness. A light shone in the darkness.
  29. There are pictures in some books. There are pictures in some books. There are pictures in some books.
  30. War, fighting between countries or between parts of the same nation. War, fighting between countries or between parts of the same nation. War, fighting between countries or between parts of the same nation.
  31. We climbed the nearest hill. We climbed the nearest hill. We climbed the nearest hill.
  32. It grew warmer. It grew warmer. It grew warmer.
  33. Healthy, well. Healthy, well. Healthy, well.
  34. My dog can jump over a string nine inches high. My dog can jump over a string nine inches high. My dog can jump over a string nine inches high.
  35. Hobby, something we like to do in spare time. Hobby, something we like to do in spare time. Hobby, something we like to do in spare time.
  36. Bottom, the lowest part. Bottom, the lowest part. Bottom, the lowest part.
  37. We had company at dinner last night. We had company at dinner last night. We had company at dinner last night.
  38. Biggest, most big. Biggest, most big. Biggest, most big.
  39. Below, under. Below, under. Below, under.
  40. The biggest boy caught two fish. The biggest boy caught two fish. The biggest boy caught two fish.
  41. The Prime Minister will make an address over the radio. The Prime Minister will make an address over the radio. The Prime Minister will make an address over the radio.
  42. Basement, the lowest floor in a building. Basement, the lowest floor in a building. Basement, the lowest floor in a building.
  43. He got away safely. He got away safely. He got away safely.
  44. Did you ever see a stray kitten? Did you ever see a stray kitten? Did you ever see a stray kitten?
  45. Kittens keep their feet dry. Kittens keep their feet dry. Kittens keep their feet dry.
  46. The boys leaned against the post. The boys leaned against the post. The boys leaned against the post.
  47. The police protect us against thieves. The police protect us against thieves. The police protect us against thieves.
  48. The rooster has a red comb. The rooster has a red comb. The rooster has a red comb.
  49. Will you surely remind me of it in the morning? Will you surely remind me of it in the morning? Will you surely remind me of it in the morning?
  50. The ball is gilt. The ball is gilt. The ball is gilt.
  51. Let us be true to our flag. Let us be true to our flag. Let us be true to our flag.

26.5.1 Write random sentences

A random subset of sentences will be synthesized. Be patient with the synthesis. It will take a few seconds, especially the first time. The loweest possible WPM is 80, so to decrease overall WPM, increase word gap.

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